How Safe is your feeding bottles and infant food?

By Sonya Lunder, MPH, Senior Analyst; Jane Houlihan, Vice President for Research, December 2007

Liquid infant formula from the top manufacturers is sold in cans lined with a toxic chemical linked to reproductive disorders and neurobehavioral problems in laboratory animals, according to an investigation by Environmental Working Group (EWG). The chemical is almost as common in the packaging of powdered formula, with 4 of the top 5 companies acknowledging its use.

The chemical is bisphenol A, or BPA, a component of the plastic epoxy resins used to line metal food cans. Dozens of laboratory studies show that BPA affects the developing brain and reproductive systems of animals exposed to low doses during pregnancy and early life. BPA has recently raised concerns from 2 separate expert panels of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), with 1 group of scientists warning that human exposures to BPA are already at or above the levels that harm animals and another expressing concern about impacts of BPA on infants' brains and behavior.

In October and November 2007, Environmental Working Group surveyed the 5 leading makers of baby formula sold in the U.S. to determine whether they use BPA in their packaging. We found:

* The makers of Nestlé, Similac, Enfamil and PBM (who make store-brand formulas sold at WalMart, Target, Kroger and dozens of other retailers) all said that they use BPA in the linings of metal cans holding liquid formula.

* BPA is widely used in powdered formula containers as well. Every manufacturer except Nestlé said it uses a BPA-based lining on the metal portions of their powdered formula cans. Nestlé failed to provide EWG with reliable documentation of their alternative packaging, and thus is not a clear improvement over other types.

* Powdered formulas are a better choice. Our calculations indicate that babies fed reconstituted powdered formula likely receive 8 to 20 times less BPA than those fed liquid formula from a metal can.

Liquid formula is of greatest concern, and its use could lead to high BPA exposures for babies. Recent studies documenting that BPA leaches out of plastic baby bottles prompted a run on glass bottles by concerned parents. But testing by EWG and by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indicates that under normal use, liquid formula itself could expose an infant to substantially more BPA than a plastic bottle. An August 2007 investigation by EWG estimated that at BPA levels found in ready-to-eat liquid formula, 1 of every 16 infants fed the formula would be exposed to the chemical at doses exceeding those that caused harm in laboratory studies.

The safest choice is clear: Breastfeed your baby whenever possible.

Breast milk is the best source of nutrition for babies. It contains essential fatty acids that help bolster babies’ bodies against the impacts of toxic chemicals. However, there are many reasons why families rely on formula for some or all of their baby’s diet. Seventy percent of babies in the U.S. receive some formula by the time they are 3 months old. These babies need a safe and healthy source of food, and formula should be manufactured in a way that avoids contamination with harmful chemicals.

If your child is fed infant formula, you can reduce BPA exposure by choosing powdered formula.

Nestlé, makers of Good Start and Mam brands, repeatedly told EWG researchers that its powdered formula cans contain no BPA. Nestlé's emails to parents repeat this claim, but the company has failed to document this in writing or provide information on their alternative to EWG, despite our numerous requests to the company. In any case, EWG cannot recommend Nestlé baby formula due to the company's long history of ethically suspect infant formula marketing practices in the developing world. Nestlé's claim that it uses BPA-free packaging, if true, would be welcome news, because it suggests that other manufacturers could switch to safer packaging materials and reduce babies' BPA exposures.

Powdered formula sold by Enfamil and Similac are reduced-risk choices, because only the metal tops and bottoms of their packages – not the cardboard sides – are metal and lined with BPA-based plastic. Earth's Best Organic and PBM (which make dozens of store brands) are more of a concern: they are sold in an entirely metal can, which means the formula has more contact with a BPA-coated surface.

If you must choose liquid formula, look for types sold in plastic containers or purchase concentrated – not ready-to-eat – types.

If you buy liquid formulas, look for those sold in plastic containers. If you must use liquid formula sold in metal cans, choose concentrated rather than ready-to-eat formula. Both FDA and EWG have tested samples of liquid formula sold in cans and found BPA in every company’s formula. Choosing a formula that requires dilution with water reduces the amount of BPA in your baby’s diet.

If you don’t know whether your brand is packaged with BPA, ask – and demand a straight answer.

During our initial calls to formula manufacturers, we asked company representatives if their packaging contains BPA, if they test for BPA levels in their products, and if they would disclose their test results to EWG. Many of the companies had a prepared response – “We comply with all FDA regulations regarding BPA and formula” – so it was clear that concerned parents are asking about BPA in formula. We later sent an email, without mentioning EWG, to see whether the information they gave to parents was consistent with what they told us.

PBM, the manufacturer of store brands, told EWG researchers their containers have a BPA lining. However, PBM later sent an EWG staff member an email stating that their packaging contains no BPA. These conflicting claims raise serious doubts about the credibility of PBM’s consumer information on BPA.

Nestlé tells parents on the phone and by email that their powdered formulas have no contact with BPA. They repeatedly told EWG researchers the same thing over the phone, but failed to put their claims in writing, making it difficult to determine if Nestlé is really a better option for babies.

Ross-Abbot, the makers of Similac, is the only company that told us they tested for BPA in their products, and that they detected none. However, both EWG and the Food and Drug Administration have found BPA in Similac cans, raising questions about either Ross-Abbot’s candor or the sensitivity of their testing methods.

7 Breastfeeding Secrets

Breastfeeding, while natural, can still be a bit of a mystery! The Australian Breastfeeding Association's counsellors have put together their top 7 secrets all mums should know to help make breastfeeding easier.

1. For babies, breastfeeding is an instinct. Babies are born with the instinct to breastfeed, they breastfeed more easily when given the opportunity to follow their instincts.

2. For mothers, breastfeeding is a learned skill. It's normal to need plenty of help and for it to take a few weeks to feel confident breastfeeding.

3. Skin-to-skin contact helps babies learn to breastfeed more easily. When a baby of any age is held skin-to-skin against his mother's chest he is more able to follow his instincts and attach well to the breast.

4. The cues that a baby is hungry include sucking on her fingers, turning her head from side to side, wiggling/squirming, opening and closing her mouth and poking out her tongue. Crying is the last sign of hunger and babies attach to the breast more easily before they reach the crying stage.

5. Gently massaging the breast towards the nipple while the baby is feeding can increase how much milk the baby gets and help a sleepy baby get more milk.

6. Every mother's breastmilk storage capacity is different and this can affect how often a baby breastfeeds. A mother with a smaller storage capacity may find her baby breastfeeds more often and this is normal for her and her baby, not a sign that she doesn't make enough milk.

7. Emptying the breast is what sends the message to a mother's body to make more milk, so the more often a baby feeds (or the more often the mother expresses) the more milk will be made

australian breastfeeding assocition

VBAC is simply a vaginal

It inspired me a lot.
Hope for you all also.

The only way that VBAC differs from other first time labours is the small increased risk of uterine rupture. Approximately 0.2% higher than that of a normal labour. This is very small when you consider that you are 30 times more likely to require a emergency caesarean for situations such as acute foetal distress, cord prolapse or ante partum hemorrhage.

The research also shows that approximately 75% of uterine ruptures occur in women who have never had a cesarean and of the 25% that have, 1/3 do not rupture at the scar line.

Planning a vaginal birth after a previous caesarean (VBAC) has many benefits. A vaginal birth avoids the risks of surgery and anesthesia and improves the health outcomes for the woman and her baby. The research shows that babies greatly benefit from the process of a natural birth.

Pros

· Avoiding the risks of surgery

· Getting to hold your baby before any one else

· Having skin to skin contact straight away

· Giving your baby the best start in life with the benefit of labour

· The contractions stimulate the baby and get them ready for birth,

· Passing through the birth canal gets their lungs ready to take their first breath

· The compression of the skull fires off neurons in the brain increasing its development.

· Waiting for labour to start naturally also helps prevent babies from being born prematurely and greatly reduces them from being separated from their mothers.

· With a natural birth, especially one free of intervention you have a lot more control over who attends your labour. Eg siblings and support people

· VABC women often express feelings of empowerment, accomplishment, exhilarated, control and a “I can do anything’ attitude that is very helpful when becoming a mother for the second time.

· Having a VBAC can also be a very healing process for someone who has had a previous caesarean and doesn’t feel good about the experience.

Cons

· 0.2% higher risk of uterine rupture

· Most hospitals require continuous foetal monitoring.

· Most hospitals require you to progress through your labour very quickly, which can make birth a stressful experience.

Recommendations

· Find out what your care providers policies on VBAC are

· Negotiate no continual foetal monitoring or intermittent, ask for a midwife and a doppler

· Do your research, most private hospitals VBAC success rates are under 10% some as low as 2.1%

· Find a care provider that believes in VBAC and encourages and supports you during your labour

If you are choosing to have a VBAC because you want what is best for your child or to help heal a previous bad birth experience, the most important thing you need to do is carefully pick your place of birth.

If you are told that you can’t have a VBAC for one of the following reasons, we suggest getting a second opinion from a care provider who has a good VBAC success rates.

· History of slow labour, overdue, foetal distress, placenta praevia, position of the fetus or multiple birth.

· History of 2 or more caesareans as there is little or no difference in the morbidity figures for VBACs after 2 or more caesareans and the vaginal delivery rate is almost the same as for women with only one previous caesarean.

· Cephalo-pelvic disproportion (CPD) or big baby.

· Breech

· Twins

Resources:

A VBAC Primer: Technical Issues for Midwives – by Heidi Rinehart, MD
Women pregnant after a previous cesarean section have special needs and concerns.

The VBAC and Cesarean Prevention Handbook
Part of Midwifery Today’s Holistic Clinical Series, The VBAC and Cesarean Prevention Handbook will teach you how to work with VBAC moms and how to prevent cesareans in the first place.
http://www.mybirth. com.au/natural- birth/vbac. html)

WORLD BREASTFEEDING WEEK 2010

WORLD BREASTFEEDING WEEK 2010, August 1st – 7th 2010.Chennai,India

AUGUST 1ST:

ST.ISABELS HOSPITAL,Luz Church Road,Mylapore

TOPIC :Training in implementing Breastfeeding Skills

TIME 3.30 pm - 4.30 pm

Obsterician: Dr.Anitha Parthasarathy Obsterician,Anuradha Maternity Centre

Pediatrician:Dr.Subramaniam (MILC),Neonatologist

Lactation Consultants:Deepa Santhosh – Breastfeeding pattern for a vaginal birth

Sweetha Mohtha – Breastfeeding Pattern for Caesarian birth

Dr.Jayashree Jayakrishnan – Images of breastfeeding

Description on Breastfeeding charting system and Docmentation tool.

AUGUST 2ND:

INAUGRATION OF WORLD BREASTFEEDING WEEK IN GOVERNMENT INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH

TOPIC: Ten Steps for Successful Breastfeeding

TIME:10.00 am – 12.00 am

Chief Guest: Dr.Sharadha Suresh, former director of ICH

AUGUST 3rd:

KANCHI KAMAKOTI CHILD TRUST HOSPITAL

TOPIC: Public forum on Breastfeeding

TIME: 11.00 am – 12.00 am:

AUGUST 4TH:

KM SPECIALITY HOSPITAL

TOPIC:Preparing antenatal mothers about the benefit and management of breastfeeding. Only breastfeed for new borns , avoid food or drinks unless medically indicated.

TIME: 10.30 AM -11.30 AM

CHIEF GUEST: Mrs.Krithika Udayanidhi

Obsterician :Dr.Kavitha Gautham

Pediatrician :Dr.Ashok Sigamani

Lactation Consultant: Dr.Jayashree Jayakrishnan

ANNANAGAR, Roots to Wings

TOPIC:Ways to maintain lactation & breastfeed for working women. Development rate of breastfed and bottle fed babies

TIME:6.00 PM – 7.00 PM

Obsterician:Dr.Jayashree Gajaraj,Malar Hospital

Pediatrician:Dr.Rema Chandramohan,Government Institute of Children Hospital

AUGUST 6TH:

GG HOSPITAL

TIME:4.00 PM-5.00 PM

TOPIC:Ways to maintain breastfeed and lactation even if mothers are separated from infants.

Obsterician:Dr.Priya Selvaraj

Pediatrician:Dr.Ezhililarasan

Lactation Consultants:Sweetha Mohtha,Dr.Jayashree Jayakrishnan,Deepa Santhosh

AUGUST 7TH:

VANILLA CHILDRENS PLACE,R.A.Puram

TIME:11.00 am - 12.00 am

TOPIC:Encourage breastfeed on demand. Avoidance of artificial teethers and pacifiers for Infants.

Obsterician:Dr.Sumana Manohar,Apollo Hospital

Pediatrician:Dr.Lakshmi,Dr.Mehta Hospital

All are welcomed to celebrate the joyness of Motherhood

For Participation

Kindly Contact

How Safe is your Food and Water during Pregnancy?

Author(s): Nidhi Jamwal
Issue: Jul 15, 2010
Tags: Science & Technology, Anaemia, Fluoride, Health Effects, India, Maternal Health, Water Pollution

Fluoride in water and food blocks iron absorption, leads to anaemia among pregnant women

DESPITE a 40-year national programme to mitigate its prevalence, anaemia remains the second most common cause of maternal deaths in India. Since 1970, government doctors have been recommending iron and folic acid tablets to pregnant women—and distributing them free—to combat anaemia.

Yet, studies conducted in rural Delhi in 2002 show anaemia accounts for 20 per cent deaths due to pregnancyrelated complications.

Anaemia during pregnancy is also the reason so many infants weigh less than the normal 2.5 kg at the time of birth. UNICEF’s State of the World’s Children 2009 records 43 per cent of India’s under-five population are of low birth weight, the highest in the world. Now, under the National Rural Health Mission, the government has proposed intravenous iron-sucrose injection for pregnant women with severe anaemia.

But a recent study, published in the May 25 issue of Current Science, claims the chief reason for anaemia in pregnant women is not lack of vitamins or minerals, but mal-absorption. “Our five-year study showed in spite of regularly taking the iron and folic acid supplements, there was no significant increase in haemoglobin levels in pregnant women.

A K Susheela, director of a Delhi nonprofit, Fluorosis Research and Rural Development Foundation, said, “But when along with the supplements, we removed or minimized dietary intake of fluoride, there was a healthy jump in the haemoglobin levels.” Susheela and doctors from the department of obstetrics and gynaecology (OBGYN) at Deen Dayal Upadhyay Hospital in New Delhi conducted the study.

The human intestine is lined with a thick wall of columnar cells. On the surface of these cells, there are tiny hair-like structures called microvilli, which absorb nutrients and pass them on to the blood stream to build haemoglobin. Fluoride destroys these microvilli, which fall off like hair. But if fluoride is removed from the diet, microvilli regenerate within a week.

Susheela’s project, launched in 2005, investigated 249 women who were less than 20 weeks pregnant. Only anaemic women (with haemoglobin less than 9.0 gram per decilitre (g/dl) and urine fluoride 1 milligram per litre (mg/l) were considered. They were divided into two groups—the intervention group of 90 women was told to avoid food and water containing fluoride and increase intake of essential nutrients through diet; there were no such intervention for the control group of 115 women.

“The women were told to give up rock salt, black tea, junk street food, salted snacks, all of which are high on fluoride content,” Susheela said. If researchers found drinking water with more than 1 mg/l of fluoride, women were told to switch over to a safer source of water. The study results showed the urinary fluoride content among women of the intervention group reduced from 2.082 mg/l to 1.628 mg/l; these women were in the first trimester of pregnancy.

The consequent rise in haemoglobin was from 8.2 g/dl to 10.8 g/dl. Women in the second trimester also registered such significant reduction in fluoride and rise in haemoglobin levels. The women in the control group (first trimester) on the contrary revealed a rise in urinary fluoride from 1.617 mg/l to 1.702 mg/l. There was minimal rise in the haemoglobin level: 8.3 g/dl to 9.3 g/dl. The trend was a similar among women in the second trimester.

Fluoride and weight at birth Over 80 per cent women of the intervention group who joined the project in their first trimester, delivered infants with normal birth weight; about 77 per cent of women who were in their second trimester delivered normal birth weight babies. In case of the control group women, the figure remained low at 49 per cent and 47 per cent, respectively.

The study’s interventions had more results to show: the body mass index (BMI) of women in the intervention group increased significantly. Susheela’s study has, however, evoked strong reactions. Sanjay Anant Gupte, president of the Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India (FOGSI), is not convinced: “In case of the sample group, two interventions were made—removal of fluoride and introduction of healthy diet. But in case of the control group, pregnant women were not counselled for a healthy diet. How can the results be attributed to fluoride removal alone?”

P K Sekharan, gynaecologist at Kozhikode Medical College, agreed as far as the role of fluoride in damaging microvilli and non-absorption of nutrients is concerned. “We would definitely do better if we can provide pregnant women safe drinking water. But can the Indian government do that?” he questioned. According to him, even if dietary intake of fluoride is removed, iron and folic acid supplements must be provided. “The benefits of these supplements have been proven scientifically,” he added.

Gynaecologists blame non-compliance. “Because of illiteracy women do not consume iron and folic acid tablets provided free of cost by the government,” said Sekharan. Non-compliance is the reason behind anaemia among pregnant women, said Gupte. According to him, FOGSI has been advising the government to introduce intravenous iron-sucrose injections. “Even two such injections during pregnancy can provide the required iron dose,” said Gupte.

Susheela claimed it was wrong to blame illiterate pregnant women. Doctors make such allegations only to hide the damage they have done in the past few decades, she said. “The study was a pilot; we have completed another such study at a different hospital in Delhi. The results are better than the previous one. It will soon be published,” she added.

CESARIAN SECTIONS........

WHO IS BIRTH INDIA?
Birth India’s mission is to promote the benefits both physical and psychological of natural childbirth and the best practices to achieve normal birth. We recognize the evidence that mothers and babies fare better in natural birth. We emphasize that birth choices are a women’s rights issue.
THE PURPOSE AND BENEFIT OF THIS BROCHURE:
ABOUT CAESAREAN SECTION:
Also known as C-section, it is a surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the mother’s abdomen and uterus to deliver one or more babies. It is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the baby's or mother's life or health at risk.
Caesarean section is on the rise worldwide, urban India has very high rates, preliminary studies estimate the rate of caesarean surgery in India to be 50% and even as high as 85% in some private hospitals (as informed by the consumer health organization – Mumbai). The World Health Organization states it should be no higher than 10-15%.
Birth India believes this rise is due to many factors including income generation, casual attitude towards surgery, providers’ fear of lawsuits, lack of informed decision, failure to support normal physiologic process, time restrictions and the misconception that C-section is actually healthier and safer for both mother and baby. The rise is NOT based on best evidence based care.
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There are many myths and much controversy surrounding this surgery, we hope this information will help you be better prepared to make informed decisions for you and your baby.
WHY IS ALL THIS IMPORTANT?
The way we give birth can affect us and our families and the whole society. Current research shows how we birth can effect whether or not we breastfeed, how quickly we recover, whether we have emotional difficulties after birth (e.g. difficulty bonding as a family) and even how we will get pregnant again. Healthy birthing establishes the health of our family.
There are many organizations that compile the most up-to-date studies and research comparing the risk of vaginal birth verses caesarean birth. The evidence is clear: unless there is a compelling and well-supported reason for caesarean section, vaginal birth is the safest way for women to give birth and babies to be born. When the surgery is used for convenience, financial gain or fear and performed without sound medical justification, it puts mothers and babies at risk.
Of course when delivering a baby by caesarean section, when medically necessary, it can be a life saving surgery for both mother and baby, and therefore worth the risks involved. Birth India recognizes this and educates to allow informed decision making.
It is time to get informed!
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RISKS OF CESAREAN SECTIONS
Disclaimer: All pregnancies are unique and must be individually assessed with your care provider. This is an information brochure and the following is not intended as medical advice, we are providing consumer education.
RISKS TO MOTHER:
 Haemorrhage, infection, adverse reaction to anaesthesia, post operative blood clots. Post operative endometriosis, emergency hysterectomy, organ damage, bowel problems, lingering abdominal pain and painful intercourse. Thrombosis, uterine and wound infections.
 Increased risk of post natal depression and post operative stress disorder. Difficulties in the attachment and bonding process with the baby, (which can lead to a sense of dissociation and disconnection with the baby), problems in latching and breast feeding. Feelings of inadequacy, guilt and failure in not completing a natural process or even being an informed part of the process.
 The necessary epidural can cause lingering numbness in legs and feet, head ache and back ache.
For more information on risks ….this is not an inclusive list, get informed!
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RISKS IN SUBSEQUENT PREGNANCIES:
 Serious problems with the placenta such as growing deep into the caesarean scar tissue (placenta accreta) or separating too early from the uterus (placental abruption);
 Ectopic pregnancies, stillbirth, and low birth weight;
 Higher rates of infertility and miscarriage;
 Higher chances of repeat caesarean sections.
RISKS TO BABIES:
 At Birth: Possibility of Surgical injuries, difficulty maintaining body temperature, breathing problems, and disorientation
and shock.
 In the post partum: Difficulty in getting breastfeeding established and also jaundice.
 In the long term: Increased incidence of allergies and asthma in childhood and adult life, possible neurological disorders from surgical procedures, learning disabilities, etc.
First Time Mothers!
This information is for you! Making plans for your first baby in many instances means you are making plans for all your babies! A natural birth, the first time increases your chances of the same for the following births!
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 Low-risk babies born to healthy mothers by caesarean surgery are 3 times more likely to die in the first year compared to babies born vaginally.
INDICATIONS FOR CESAREAN BIRTH: WHAT CONDITIONS CAN LEAD TO THIS TYPE OF BIRTH?
It is never certain during pregnancy if a clinical need will arise for your baby to be born via c-section. It is important to maintain optimal health (as discussed later) for a healthy pregnancy and birth.
REASONS FOR CESAREAN BIRTH FIT INTO THREE CATEGORIES:
1. URGENT HEALTH SITUATIONS:
In a small percentage of pregnancies situations can arise where immediate c-section is required. For example extreme blood loss in the mother (haemorrhage); or if the babies’ oxygen supply is blocked, for example: A cord prolapse or when the placenta prematurely separates from the uterus (placental abruption).
2. NON-URGENT HEALTH SITUATIONS:
Your caregiver might recommend a c-section for certain non-urgent medical reasons. These reasons only increase the possibility of having a caesarean delivery and can occur before or during delivery, some women in these situations will have a caesarean birth and some will not.
Women who are advised caesarean sections because of the following reasons should explore all their options since medical opinions differ in
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these areas. Seek a second opinion or find a doctor willing to do a normal delivery under these circumstances:
• Previous Cesarean birth: This does not always mean another cesarean will be necessary. Educate yourself about the possibility of having a VBAC (Vaginal Birth After Caesarean), find a supportive health care provider and educate yourself.
The World Health Organization states there is no evidence that a caesarean section is required after a previous transverse low- segment caesarean. Given the increased risks of multiple abdominal cesarean surgeries, VBAC is statistically proven as safer and is also possible after more than one cesarean surgery.
Most women attempting VBAC will have a vaginal birth! The VBAC success rate can be up to 85% with doctors and midwives who are truly committed to VBAC. This can proceed like any normal birth; medications to start and speed up labor should be avoided.
• Failure to progress and prolonged pushing during birth: Many doctors put strict time limits on birth, birth takes time! If the mother and baby are both doing well there is no reason to decide on a cesarean. Slow ‘early labor’ is often wrongly considered ‘stalled’ labor, but truly this is a normal process of birth, in most cases labor will restart when the body and baby is ready. A lot of support, commitment, hydration, food, relaxation is required for long or stalled labors, it is important to plan ahead for this situation; an experienced birth companion can be very helpful.
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• Breech position: It depends on how your baby is positioned and the experience of your doctor/midwife. Studies show with a skilled caregiver, a breech vaginal delivery can be as safe or safer to mother and baby as a cesarean birth. Turning the baby is the best way to avoid a cesarean and there are many techniques available to turn breech babies to a vertex, or head down, position.
 Changes in baby’s heart rate: Babies are designed to undergo the stress of normal labor; the heart rate can often fluctuate but still be within the normal range. Interventions such as synthetic Oxytocin (used to induce or speed up labor) can cause changes in the heart rate. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends intermittent (not constant) monitoring of fetal heart rate with a doppler or fetoscope, for best outcomes. At times bringing fetal heart rate into safe parameters can be as simple as having the mother change position and get hydrated. Learn about preventable causes of and non-invasive treatments for fetal distress prior to birth.
 Multiple Births: There is no strong research supporting routine cesarean for women carrying twins.
 Post dated pregnancy: The duration of most pregnancies is 38-42 weeks. Not going into spontaneous labor by your due date is not an indication for a c-section. Try natural means of induction first.
THE COMMON REASONS STATED SUCH AS IVF (IN VITRO FERTILIZATION), FIBROIDS, ADVANCED MATERNAL AGE, BEING OVERWEIGHT, SMALL STATURE, ‘SMALL PELVIS’, POSTERIOR POSITIONED BABIES, FETAL HEAD NOT ENGAGING, WATER BREAKING AT TERM, DIABETES AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES, MECONIUM, ‘BIG BABIES’, AND A CORD AROUND
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THE NECK ARE NOT INDICATIONS ON THEIR OWN TO UNDERGO A CESAREAN SURGERY. GET INFORMED!
"It is now accurate to say that many interventions and medications used in birth are used routinely or frequently in spite of research that has clearly shown that they are being used inappropriately." Judith Pence Rooks, author of “Midwifery and Childbirth in America”
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3. NON-MEDICAL SITUATIONS (ELECTIVE CESAREAN):
There are many myths surrounding vaginal childbirth, including:
 Cosmetic: Many women are led to believe that a natural vaginal birth will cause urinary incontinence later in life, or that they will become ‘stretched out’ and therefore not be able to enjoy love making. These are only MYTHS. The perineum is elastic and designed to revert back to its natural elasticity, pre and post natal yoga, and other natural care techniques have proven this. Getting enrolled in a good prenatal class or consulting child birth educators, teaches mums to care for their body in the optimum way. Get informed!
 Convenience: Some women want to choose a cesarean birth for convenience; i.e.: they can choose a time and day (auspicious times) cesareans are not a ‘pain-free’ way to give birth. Get informed!
 Fear of Birth: Support, counseling and preparation can all help to release fear of vaginal childbirth. Get informed!
 Safer: This is a MYTH that caesareans are actually safer for mother and baby and are preventive of complications that may occur during a natural labor. Get informed!
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HOW TO AVOID MEDICAL BIRTH AND C-SECTION
Adapted from a previous publication in the Twin Cities, MN, and USA Childbirth Collective Newsletter:
• Choose a doctor or midwife who supports your birth wishes. This is one of the most important choices you will ever make.
• Educate yourself and your partner, choose independent birth educators, explore all your available options even the unconventional. Learn about good nutrition during pregnancy. Exercise and get sunshine daily.
• Get prenatal massage or other bodywork and learn about how to techniques for optimal fetal positioning. Get psychological help if required to address fears and other issues.
• Avoid common medical interventions. Investigate alternatives, non invasive pain relief methods and comfort options prior to labor
• Refuse I.V and any medications to start and speed up labor or give pain relief, when in hospital. Try natural remedies.
• Labor at home for the early stages (if you live close to the hospital), if you reach the hospital and you are less than 4cm dilated return home.
• Whenever possible take a doula with you for labor support.
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WHEN CESAREAN DELIVERY IN NECESSARY, HOW TO ADVOCATE FOR HEALTHIEST RESULTS?
Health can be present with you even in a surgical procedure; this will assist in a quick recovery for you and baby.
-Spinal anesthetic is preferable to general anesthetic
-Support person to be allowed in the operation theatre
-Immediate (cheek-to-cheek) contact, even for just a minute with your baby after birth, breast feeding can be initiated even in the operation theatre if mum and baby are in good health or at least immediately after mom reaches the recovery room
-Double layer suturing of the uterus for closure of incision.
-Ensure the curtain is used to obstruct view of the surgery to the mother helping her remain calm.
-Allowing the placenta to birth naturally.
-Delay cutting of the umbilical cord and cleaning of the baby immediately post partum. This is the time to establish bonding and attachment between mum and baby, or if mum is unavailable then between father and baby.
-Ensure to eat and drink well and get good rest. Be kind to yourself and take good care of yourself for the following 6 weeks and allow your body to heal. Arrange for as much help and support for domestic chores.
-Talk about your feelings with your support people post birth
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- Heightened emotions, weepiness and moodiness are all natural processes of the nervous system turning back to its equilibrium. Allow it and support it. It can prevent post natal depression.
Just as a woman's heart knows how and when to pump, her lungs to inhale, and her hand to pull back from fire, so she knows when and how to give birth. -Virginia Di Orio
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:
www.ican-online.org
www.childbirthconnection.org
www.vbac.com
http://vbacfacts.com
www.cares-sa.or.au
http://www.unnecesarean.com
Write to Birth India to access other information brochures, books & films library.
BE THE CHANGE!
Write to you care provider OB.GYN or midwife, childbirth educator, the director of nursing, pediatrician, anesthesiologist and hospital owner or administrator let them know what you were happy with and what could be improved upon.
BIRTH INDIA
india.birth@gmail.com
www.birthindia.

THE RISK TO INDIA’S NEWBORNS

A SLY FUDGING OF FACTS IS PUSHING INDIA INTO BUYING VACCINES BACKED BY THE WHO THAT MAY HAVE KILLED CHILDREN IN OTHER COUNTRIES

BY VIJAY SIMHA
http://tehelka. com/story_ main45.asp? filename= Ne190610coversto ry.asp

Is Normal Delivery Possible after a cesarean?

What does the best available evidence tell us about vaginal birth after two cesareans?

Tahseen S, Griffiths M. Vaginal birth after two caesarean sections (VBAC-2) - A systematic review with meta-analysis of success rate and adverse outcomes of VBAC-2 versus VBAC-1 and repeat (third) caesarean sections. BJOG 2010;117(1):5 -19.

The practice of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) has swung widely over the past two decades, declining considerably since 1997 due in large part to concern about increased risk of uterine rupture. A recent consensus conference convened by the National Institutes of Health to study the evidence and provide guidance on VBAC concluded that “trial of labor is a reasonable option for many pregnant women with one prior low transverse uterine incision.”

In this study, the authors conducted a careful meta-analysis to pool all available observational data on the success rate and risks associated with vaginal birth after two cesareans, comparing this to vaginal birth after only one cesarean and also with elective repeat cesarean. The pooled successful VBAC rate among 5666 women who had a trial of labor after two or more cesareans was 71.7% (compared to 76.5% after one cesarean). The pooled uterine rupture rate after more than one cesarean was 1.36%, which represents a statistically significant increase in relative risk, but a very small increase in absolute risk for this rare complication. Importantly, the study did not indicate a significant difference in risk of neonatal death, asphyxia, or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit among VBAC after one cesarean, VBAC after more than one cesarean, or elective repeat cesarean. In addition, the rate of other serious maternal complications such as hysterectomy, blood transfusion, or fever was not significantly greater for VBAC after more than one cesarean than for elective repeat surgery.

The take-away: The authors conclude that this analysis of best available data does not suggest excessive risk associated with VBAC after two prior cesarean births, and therefore eligible women should be appropriately counseled and offered the option to undergo a trial of labor.

A New Dimension for Incontinence and Pelvic floor Dysfunction condition

It was a new concept inregards to pelvic strengthening .As we all think Kegels Exercise is the one stop solution for pelvic muscles here is the new concept which makes the picture wider.
Read this blog without fail
http://mamasweat.blogspot.com/2010/05/pelvic-floor-party-kegels-are-not.html

How protected are you in CT scan?

This is a quote from a doctor at the Health Physics Society, specialists in radiation therapy, to a mother who had a CT head scan done at 1-2 weeks pregnancy:
"Brain CT is not likely to result in exposure to the unborn child because the radiation is directed only to the head. Therefore, the likelihood that radiation exposure may be responsible for malformations or birth defects is very unlikely. "

A head CT scan exposes about the same amount of radiation that one would get from the sun in 72 hours of exposure. This is considered an acceptable exposure in terms of need to diagnose a head injury versus concerns about Potential effects on the baby. The rates of abnormalities in babies do not have a significant statistical rise after this kind of exposure (normally, 30 out of 1,000 births will result in some kind of abnormality.... without CT exposure) It is theorized that there could be a slightly higher chance of childhood cancers, but this is unknown.
Preparation for a CT head scan in a woman often involves covering the abdomen with a lead apron to protect from exposing her ovaries and future ovum to radiation. Was a heavy, vinyl covered apron placed over the abdomen during the procedure? If so, there is no likelihood of fetal exposure at all as the lead shielded the fetus.

If contrast materials were used intravenously (dyes) such as barium or iodine, it is unlikely they would affect the fetus this because it is not yet utilizing the mother's bloodstream for sustenance and so would not have been exposed.

I trust that this information is reassuring.

How protected are you in CT scan?

This is a quote from a doctor at the Health Physics Society, specialists in radiation therapy, to a mother who had a CT head scan done at 1-2 weeks pregnancy:
"Brain CT is not likely to result in exposure to the unborn child because the radiation is directed only to the head. Therefore, the likelihood that radiation exposure may be responsible for malformations or birth defects is very unlikely. "

A head CT scan exposes about the same amount of radiation that one would get from the sun in 72 hours of exposure. This is considered an acceptable exposure in terms of need to diagnose a head injury versus concerns about Potential effects on the baby. The rates of abnormalities in babies do not have a significant statistical rise after this kind of exposure (normally, 30 out of 1,000 births will result in some kind of abnormality.... without CT exposure) It is theorized that there could be a slightly higher chance of childhood cancers, but this is unknown.
Preparation for a CT head scan in a woman often involves covering the abdomen with a lead apron to protect from exposing her ovaries and future ovum to radiation. Was a heavy, vinyl covered apron placed over the abdomen during the procedure? If so, there is no likelihood of fetal exposure at all as the lead shielded the fetus.

If contrast materials were used intravenously (dyes) such as barium or iodine, it is unlikely they would affect the fetus this because it is not yet utilizing the mother's bloodstream for sustenance and so would not have been exposed.

I trust that this information is reassuring.

Know,Y not to bottle-feed

Supplementation of the Breastfed Baby
"Just One Bottle Won't Hurt"-- or Will It?

Marsha Walker, RN, IBCLC
Background

* The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a normal fetus is sterile
* the type of delivery has an effect on the development of the intestinal microbiota
o vaginally born infants are colonized with their mother's bacteria
o cesarean born infants' initial exposure is more likely to environmental microbes from the air, other infants, and the nursing staff which serves as vectors for transfer
o the primary gut flora in infants born by cesarean delivery may be disturbed for up to 6 months after birth (Gronlund et al, 1999)
* babies at highest risk of colonization by undesirable microbes or when transfer from maternal sources cannot occur are cesarean-delivered babies, preterm infants, full term infants requiring intensive care, or infants separated from their mother
o infants requiring intensive care acquire intestinal organisms slowly and the establishment of bifidobacterial flora is retarded
o a delayed bacterial colonization of the gut with a limited number of bacterial species tends to be virulent
o control and manipulation of the neonatal gut with human milk can be used as a strategy to prevent and treat intestinal diseases (Dai & Walker, 1999)
* major ecological disturbances are observed in newborn infants treated with antimicrobial agents
o one way of minimizing ecological disturbances in the NICU is to provide these babies with fresh breast milk (Zetterstrom et al, 1994)
* breastfed and formula-fed infants have different gut flora
o breastfed babies have a lower gut pH (acidic environment) of approximately 5.1-5.4 throughout the first six weeks that is dominated by bifidobacteria with reduced pathogenic (disease-causing) microbes such as E coli, bacteroides, clostridia, and streptococci
o flora with a diet-dependent pattern is present from the 4th day of life with breast milk-fed guts showing a 47% bifidobacterium and formula-fed guts showing 15%. Enterococci prevail in formula-fed infants (Rubaltelli et al, 1998)
o babies fed formula have a high gut pH of approximately 5.9-7.3 with a variety of putrefactive bacterial species
o in infants fed breast milk and formula supplements the mean pH is approximately 5.7-6.0 during the first four weeks, falling to 5.45 by the sixth week
o when formula supplements are given to breastfed babies during the first seven days of life, the production of a strongly acidic environment is delayed and its full potential may never be reached
o breastfed infants who receive supplements develop gut flora and behavior like formula-fed infants
* The neonatal GI tract undergoes rapid growth and maturational change following birth
o Infants have a functionally immature and immunonaive gut at birth
o Tight junctions of the GI mucosa take many weeks to mature and close the gut to whole proteins and pathogens
o Intestinal permeability decreases faster in breastfed babies than in formula-fed infants (Catassi, et al, 1995)
o Open junctions and immaturity play a role in the acquisition of NEC, diarrheal disease, and allergy
o sIgA from colostrum and breast milk coats the gut, passively providing immunity during the time of reduced neonatal gut immune function
o mothers' sIgA is antigen specific. The antibodies are targeted against pathogens in the baby's immediate surroundings
o the mother synthesizes antibodies when she ingests, inhales, or otherwise comes in contact with a disease-causing microbe
o these antibodies ignore useful bacteria normally found in the gut and ward off disease without causing inflammation
* infant formula should not be given to a breastfed baby before gut closure occurs
o once dietary supplementation begins, the bacterial profile of breastfed infants resembles that of formula-fed infants in which bifidobacteria are no longer dominant and the development of obligate anaerobic bacterial populations occurs (Mackie, Sghir, Gaskins, 1999)
o relatively small amounts of formula supplementation of breastfed infants (one supplement per 24 hours) will result in shifts from a breastfed to a formula-fed gut flora pattern (Bullen, Tearle, Stewart, 1977)
o the introduction of solid food to the breastfed infant causes a major perturbation in the gut ecosystem, with a rapid rise in the number of enterobacteria and enterococci, followed by a progressive colonization by bacteroides, clostridia, and anaerobic streptococci (Stark & Lee, 1982)
o with the introduction of supplementary formula, the gut flora in a breastfed baby becomes almost indistinguishable from normal adult flora within 24 hours (Gerstley, Howell, Nagel, 1932)
o if breast milk were again given exclusively, it would take 2-4 weeks for the intestinal environment to return again to a state favoring the gram-positive flora (Brown & Bosworth, 1922; Gerstley, Howell, Nagel, 1932)
* in susceptible families, breastfed babies can be sensitized to cow's milk protein by the giving of just one bottle, (inadvertent supplementation, unnecessary supplementation, or planned supplements), in the newborn nursery during the first three days of life (Host, Husby, Osterballe, 1988; Host, 1991)
o infants at high risk of developing atopic disease has been calculated at 37% if one parent has atopic disease, 62-85% if both parents are affected and dependant on whether the parents have similar or dissimilar clinical disease, and those infants showing elevated levels of IgE in cord blood irrespective of family history (Chandra, 2000)
o in breastfed infants at risk, hypoallergenic formulas can be used to supplement breastfeeding; solid foods should not be introduced until 6 months of age, dairy products delayed until 1 year of age, and the mother should consider eliminating peanuts, tree nuts, cow's milk, eggs, and fish from her diet (Zieger, 1999; AAP, 2000)
* in susceptible families, early exposure to cow's milk proteins can increase the risk of the infant or child developing insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (Mayer et al, 1988; Karjalainen, et al, 1992)
o human insulin content in breast milk is significantly higher than bovine insulin in cow's milk; insulin content in infant formulas is extremely low to absent; insulin supports gut maturation
o in animal models oral administration of human insulin stimulates the intestinal immune system generating active cellular mechanisms that suppress the development of autoimmune diabetes
o the lack of human insulin in infant formulas may break the tolerance to insulin and lead to the development of type 1 diabetes (Vaarala et al, 1998)
o the avoidance of cow's milk protein for the first several months of life may reduce the later development of IDDM or delay its onset in susceptible individuals (AAP, 1994)
o infants who are exclusively breastfed for at least 4 months have a lower risk of seroconversion leading to beta-cell autoimmunity
+ short-term breastfeeding and the early introduction of cow's milk based infant formula predispose young children who are genetically susceptible to Type 1 diabetes to progressive signs of beta-cell autoimmunity (Kimpimaki et al, 2001)
o sensitization and development of immune memory to cow's milk protein is the initial step in the etiology of IDDM (Kostraba, et al, 1993)
+ sensitization can occur with very early exposure to cow's milk before gut cellular tight junction closure
+ sensitization can occur with exposure to cow's milk during an infection-caused gastrointestinal alteration when the mucosal barrier is compromised allowing antigens to cross and initiate immune reactions
+ sensitization can occur if the presence of cow's milk protein in the gut damages the mucosal barrier, inflames the gut, destroys binding components of cellular junctions, or other early insult with cow's milk protein leads to sensitization (Savilahti, et al, 1993)

U.S. Scientists Warn of Fraud of Stem Cell 'Banks' - Pregnancy - FOXNews.com

U.S. Scientists Warn of Fraud of Stem Cell 'Banks' - Pregnancy - FOXNews.com

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A mothers experience

It was really a great day for me,i saw a mother who came to tone her abdomen muscles,when i was getting her history it was so surprising for me that she delivered a 4.1kg baby in a normal delivery in a private hospital.
Its really a hands off to the obstetrician ,i've requested the mother to share her experience with other mothers,hope so she does it soon.
Hope it'll be inspiring for other mothers who has a thought of heavy weight babies has to go for C-section only
Waiting for the post just like you

Pulmonary Embolism during pregnancy

Hello ,i felt this is very important for everyone to know,kindly read it without fail
This condition has an increased potential with prolonged immobility causing alterations in normal blood flow (stasis)

for example:

· long flights or bus journeys, this is why it is so important to get up and walk around every few hours whether you are pregnant or not!

· over use or prescribing of bed rest in pregnancy

Another reason to remember, stay active in your pregnancy, this advise is not just given to keep you from gaining too much weight, there are real medical benefits to exercising! To get the blood flowing go walking, swimming, join a prenatal yoga class!



Another factor is Increased blood clotting potential this can be caused by:

birth control pills containing estrogen,

smoking,

genetic predisposition,

cancer,

pregnancy (including 6-8weeks postpartum),

surgery, (A national review of severe obstetric complications from 1998-2005 found a significant increase in the rate of pulmonary embolism associated with the increasing rate of cesarean delivery)-emedicine.medscape. com

·



The incidence of PE is extremely rare, however when it does occur, it usually it happens as Priyanka described, without much warning other then sharp pain in the leg and it is usually fatal.



Incidences reported from the emedicine.medscape. com are also follows:

· Fatal events may occur rarely, 1-2 cases per 100,000 pregnancies.

· Estrogen-containing birth control pills have increased the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (PE) in healthy women to the absolute risk of 20-30 cases per 100, 000 persons per year.

Meaning if you are on birth control pills you have a higher possible incidence rate then if you are pregnant, especially if you are on estrogens birth control pills and smoking. This is why it is so important when considering birth control options that you have a doctor who thoroughly takes your medical, family history before prescribing.


And for a little perspective, the National Weather Service, states the odds of being struck by lightning -- in your lifetime -- are 1 in 5,000.


When such tragic events occur, it is an opportunity for the rest of us to remember how important it is to give thanks and feel gratitude everyday for our health and the health of those we love.


Let us not, sit around feeling frightened of this or that or what could happen to us, fear is the opposite of courage and this life takes a lot of courage! Go for a walk instead and be careful when crossing the street


Sending buckets full of courage out to all you pregnant mammas!


From
Red Miller

All India Conference call meeting

Subject: Conference Call Meeting on May 29
Event: LLL Pan-India Conference Call Meeting
Type: Meetings - Informational Meeting
Date: Saturday, May 29, 2010
Time: 3:00pm - 4:00pm
Location:At you home

Description: All moms across India are welcome to attend the conference call meeting right from your living room with your baby.

Please RSVP if you wish to attend this conference meeting as the number of members who can attended is limited.

RSVP here http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=122495022326

For any questions regarding this event please feel to contact me on my email id lllpanindia@gmail.com or call +919819890069

Conference call details will be sent out once I have the confirmation.

The call will be a local call in the city you reside. The facility covers the following cities while other cities may need to call the nearest main city listed here:

• Mumbai
• Bangalore
• Delhi
• Chennai
• Hyderabad
• Kolkata

La Leche League International is the foremost authority in the world for breastfeeding information and the meetings are a great place to interact and learn from other mothers.

Breastfeeding Today

Breastfeeding Today

Thank You

With great support and blessings from all i am here to introduce to my website HAPPY MOM.www.happymom.in
I need to thank all my Gynaecologists,Obstericians and Paediatricians for supporting my work all through out the time.
My sentence does'nt complete without my parents and god,its all because of them i am here,i am really honored to be their child as for now they've been supportive and encouraging to all my thoughts and decisions.
Thank you to all

PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL CLASS IN CHENNAI

WHEN & WHERE
We have several locations in chennai, so if you miss a class it is easy to make up, as we have course running all the time.
KILPAUK
PURASAWALKAM
MYLAPORE
ALWARPET
TEYNAMPET
ADYAR
T NAGER
KK NAGAR
ANNA NAGAR



We offer a wide selection of classes so you can make the best choices for you and your family.
Prepared childbirth
Prepared child birth Refresher: This class is designed for experienced parents and reviews prepared childbirth techniques and brief review of the birthing process
One day child birth: This one-day class offers a condensed view of the topics covered in the prepared child birth.
Cesarean Birth Introduction: This class for you and your partner discusses what to expect during and after a Cesarean delivery.
Breastfeeding: we designed this class on the basics of breastfeeding, its benefits, how to overcome the occasional obstacles and how a breastfed baby grows.
Mommy and me(postnatal):This class is designed for new moms that will help to regain your strength and energy levels.
If you have any questions ,contact
9444432677
24746787
Jai_sriphysio@yahoo.co.in
Visit:www.prepostnatalfitness.blogspot.com

BREASTFEEDING

Human breast milk is uniquely composed to meet the needs of human infants:

1. It has a high concentration of lactose (milk sugar). This is an excellent source of carbohydrates.
2. There are 3 different categories of proteins in human milk: whey proteins, casein proteins, and non-protein nitrogen. The predominant type of protein in cows milk is the casein protein (curds). The whey proteins which are predominant in human milk are much easier for infants to digest. The whey/casein ratio in human milk decreases from 90/10 in colostum, to 60/40 in mature milk and to 50/50 in late lactation ( Lawrence, 2005 pgs. 127-135).
3. Infants fed human milk tend to have stools that are less foul smelling and softer than those of infants who are fed cow's milk or soymilk based formula. This is due to the different bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of infants who are solely breast fed. Constipation, defined as hard stools (not the absence of a daily stool), does not occur in healthy breast fed infants.

The stool of a healthy breastfed baby
(picture courtesy of Wellstart International)

4. The composition of the milk of mothers who are breastfeeding varies during the time of the day and during the feeding. The hind milk (latter part of a breastfeeding) has a much higher fat content than milk produced during the beginning portion of the feeding. ( Lawrence, 2005 pgs. 106-110).
5. The odor and/or taste of breast milk may change depending on the mother's diet. This may help infants get used to different tastes ( Mennella, 1991 ).
6. More information on nutritional factors in breast milk is found in the section on Mature Milk Components.

Mature milk is produced from approximately ten days after delivery up until the termination of the breastfeeding. Mature milk contains on average:

1. Energy (750 kcal / liter)
2. Lipids (38 g / liter) - The main lipids found in human breast milk are the triacyl-glycerols, phospholipids, and fatty acids including essential fatty acids. Maternal diet does not affect the amount of fat in milk but does affect the types of fat. Cholesterol is present in breast milk (more information).
3. Casein (2.5 g / liter) - protein - Casein or curds are proteins with low solubility which complex with calcium. These are present in breast milk in much lower concentration than in cow's milk.
4. Whey (6.4 g / liter) - protein - the whey proteins are located in the clear liquid left behind when clotted milk stands. The largest components are alpha-lactalbumen, lactoferrin, lyzozyme, albumen and immunoglobulins.
5. Nonprotein Nitrogen is used in amino acid synthesis and includes the nitrogen in urea, creatine, creatinine, uric acid and ammonia. Peptides, such as epidermal growth factor, somatomedin - C and insulin are also present in this fraction. Nucleotides such as cytidine monophosphate are derived from nucleic acids and play an important role in the immune system and protein synthesis.
6. Lactose (70 g / liter) carbohydrate - Lactose is the major carbohydrate in breast milk. It is composed of galactose and glucose. Lactose concentration in breast milk increases over the duration of breastfeeding.

The amount of all of these substances (except lactose) varies with the time of day of the breast milk production, the woman producing the breast milk, and whether it is at the beginning or the end of the feeding. Fats and lipids are particularly high at the end of the feeding (hind milk) ( Lawrence, 2005 p105-170, Hamosh, 1992 , Slusser, 1997